The concept of a diet hospital is based on the idea that food is part of patient care in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and nursing homes. The food should be adapted to the clinical situation and the patient’s capabilities and perspectives. It is important that patients are offered at least two menu choices for meals. In addition, it is a good practice point to offer between-meal snacks (e.g. fruit, yogurt, juice) to reach energy and protein goals during the day.
It is essential that the composition of the standard diet (energy/kg BW, energy density) and macronutrients (protein/kg BW, fatty acid composition) follow recommendations derived from scientific evidence for the general population. It is also a good practice point to take local food habits and eating patterns into account for the composition of the standard diet.
In many hospitals, the use and sometimes the prescription of diets is arbitrary and not scientifically justified. Therapeutic diets such as low salt diets, gluten-free diets or texture and consistency modified diets, often cause underfeeding and increase the risk of malnutrition.
A well-organized and professionally supervised nutritional services is vital for the health of hospitalized patients. Nutritionists, dieticians and nurses should have a formal and clearly defined role to play in the organization of hospital food. They should work closely together with physicians to optimize the quality of the hospital diets and monitor patient food intake.다이어트약
The elaboration of the diets for different clinic situations should be re-evaluated at regular intervals, depending on novel data in nutritional sciences and medicine. The hospital food facilities should be re-organized to ensure clear responsibilities and persons in charge of the different areas of the hospital food supply chain (ward, kitchen, delivery logistics).
Patients’ dietary requirements must be taken into consideration in order to provide them with a diet that meets their medical needs. It is important to respect religious beliefs and the preference for certain foods. However, it is important that these diets are offered as an alternative to the standard menu and not used to cover nutritional deficiencies.강남다이어트
It is recommended to exclude the foods causing food allergy or intolerance, which should be identified and evaluated by a doctor. Even a small amount of the allergenic food can trigger signs and symptoms such as digestive problems, hives or swollen airways, going up to anaphylactic shock and death. In some cases, the exclusion of the offending food may be the only way to prevent life-threatening symptoms. The occurrence of food allergy should be recorded in the patient’s medical file.